Icelandic equivalents of the names of the US states

Alabama: Miðsuðurríki (nick-named 'the heart of Dixie'. Dixie means 'the Southern States (Suðurríkin))
Alaska: Axlarfylki (The state at the (western) shoulder of the world), Andeldland (The opposite of 'Eldland' (Tierra del Fuego) at the heel of the South American continent if you follow the coastal mountain ranges up north), Vesturtili (westernmost land)
Arizona: Gljúffylki (The state where the Grand Canyon is situated)
Arkansas: Erkinsá (folk-etymologically constructed with the latter sounding "-aw" in the English word phonetically matched with "á" (river), because the state is named after the River Arkansas: Erkinsárríki)
California: Kalfyrna
Colorado: Gljúfelfur (Named after the Colorado river, which eroded the Grand Canyon: Gljúfá or Gljúfelfur)
Connecticut: Kunnaktakot
Exonymic folk etymology is the phenomenon of native speakers adapting foreign place-names to their language by making use of familiarly sounding lexical building blocks from their own language without taking into account any etymological connection whatsoever . Examples of Old Icelandic exonyms constructed in this way are 'Jórsalir' for 'Jeruzalem' or 'Rauðstofa' for 'Rostov'. The name of the US tate of Connecticut is of obscure Indian origin and has nothing to do with 'connecting' or 'cutting'.
One can create an Icelandic equivalent by asking myself the question: "what would be the closest phonetical match of the State's name, a medieval Icelander would come up with by a folk-etymological contruction with only the contemporary vocabulary at his disposal. Personally, I think the most appropriate outcome of such an endeavour would be a compound of the Icelandicized name of the Irish 'Connaught', the feminine plural name 'Kunnaktir', 'Kunnakta- in compounds' and most likely 'kot' (cottage), which occurs as the last element in Danish place-names like Koldkåd (cold cottage) and English place-names like Alvecote, Alverdiscott, ect... The result, Kunnaktakot, is quite eccentric indeed, but yet, yeah, why the hell not?
Georgia: Gyrgisfylki (The state is named after King George II of Great Britain. The name 'Gyrgir, Gyrgis-' is the Old Icelandic equivalent of 'George')
Guam: Hvamey
Florida: Flúrskagi (adapted after 'flúr' in the old sense of 'flower'. The nick-name of the state is 'Flower State'. Thanks Örn!)
Hawai: Dyngjueyjar (shield-volcano islands (Dyngjueyjar), because the largest and most prominent shield volcano chain in the world are the Hawaiian Islands)
Idaho: Iðahá (adapted with native Icelandic toponymic building blocks: Iða- from 'Iðavöllur' (a location referenced twice in Völuspá, as a meeting place of the gods) and -há (as in 'þinghá' (region, district)
Illinois: Illineis (The ending -ois in Old French names were Icelandicized 'eis' (courtois-kurteis/ bourgeois - burgeis)
Indiana: Djánafylki (simply named after the Indians, Djáni is a contraction of Indíáni, like 'Kani' from 'Ameríkani')
Iowa: Jóverjafylki (Named after the Iowa indians. The name of the tribe can be adapted as "Jóverji")
Louisiana: Loðvíksfylki (named after Louis XIV)
Kansas: Kansá (Kansas is named after the Kansas river, which is in its turn named after the Kansa indians: Kansi/ Kansar, Kansá, Kansárríki)
Kentucky: Kanthagar (Kentucky's modern name (variously spelled Cane-tuck-ee, Cantucky, Kain-tuck-ee, and Kentuckee before its modern spelling was accepted, comes from an Iroquois word meaning "meadow lands". The only Icelandic toponymic lexeme that sounds similar to the first element in the Indian name is 'Kant-', which only occurs in the place-name 'Kantaraborg', the Old Icelandic exonym for Canterbury. The correct form of this name is 'Kantverjaborg' (Anglo-Saxon Cantwaraburg, ca 900) and means 'city of the Kentians'. The Icelandic name for Kent should therefore be 'Kant' instead of 'Kent'. The second element 'hagar' refers to the meaning of 'pasture' of the Iroquois word(Írkveisingar, remember, the French suffix 'ois' icelandicizes as '-eis' (burgeis, kurteis). Derivations of the name: Kanthaga- (Kentuckian), Kanthögungar (Kentuckian people).
Maine: Mein (A river-name mentioned in the Þulur, used here to adapt the State's name. The name Maine is identical with that of the French province, Maine, which is derived from a river-name. Etymologists link up French river-names Maine, Mayenne with the German River Main, Polish river-name Mień, Latvian maina (marsh), which are all thought to originate in the indogermanic root *moin, designating a watery place. There's a fair chance that the just-mentioned Old Norse 'Mein' might well be related. See Íslensk orðsifjabók, Mein, Duden Geographische Namen in Deutschland, Main and http://crehangec.free.fr/rivdn.htm and http://www.docudeurne.eu/mediapool/68/681008/data/Deurnese_literatuur/Kleine_Serie_nr_2_Hel-Man.pdf (In Dutch, but you can check out the different forms)
Maryland: Maríuland
Massachusets: Miklabláhæðafylki (Massachussets was the Indian name of 'the great blue hill', because the existing name of the state is a long and complex one, I wanted the Icelandic equivalent to look similarly impressively long: Great Blue Hill State: Miklabláhæðarríki) See: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Blue_Hill An inhabitant of Massachusetts is a Mikilbláhæðingur, the adjective is Mikilbláhæ(ð)ska.
Michigan: Mikilvetningafylki (After the State's epiteth 'Great Lake State'. Michigan's shores touch four of the five Great Lakes, and Michigan has more than 11,000 inland lakes. You are never more than 6 miles from an inland lake or more than 85 miles from a Great Lake in Michigan. The Icelandic name for the Great Lakes is 'Vötnin miklu'. The name of the state is built from the derived inhabitant's name 'Mikilvetningar': Mikilvetningaríki. Indeed, there is a place called 'Miklavatn' in Iceland to, but there are also two "Colorado" rivers in the US and some place-names occur even more frequent then that. This shouldn't be a problem.)
Minnesota: Minnisytingafylki (The creation of an inhabitant's name from Minnesota: "Minnisytingar" yield the most Icleandic name for the state. On this blog http://narrowshore.blogspot.com/2011/06/rikjamennirnir.html the word 'Minnsytingar' is proposed, but I prefer 'Minni-' because 'Minn-' as a first element isn't found very much in Icelandic vocabulary and the latter -i in 'Minni-' makes the word more phonetically similar with the disyllabic first element 'Minne-'.)
Mississippi: Miðvesturá
Missouri: Miklaþverá (The missouri is the largest tributary (þverá) in America and the second largest in the world, after the Irtysh (tributary of the Ob river). The word is already long and I wouldn't add 'ríki'. Place names or names of regions can have 'river' as the latter element in their names)
Montana: Klettafylki (The western third part of Montana contains a total of 77 named ranges of the Rocky Mountains, a geographical fact which is reflected in the name of the state, derived from the Spanish 'montaña' (mountain), so normally we should make a compound with "fjall" here. But I think 'Klettafylki' is a better option, because it retains a phonetical similarity with 'Klettafjöll', thanks to the consonants 'f' and 'l' in both 'fjall' and 'fylki'). Another argument why we can omit the word 'fjall' here is the fact that the Rocky Mountains are colloquially referred to as 'The Rockies'. Nebraska: Aura(fljóts)fylki ('Breaded Stream State'. The State's name is the Otoe word for the "Platte River", Ñí Brásgehe (Shallow river). The Platte over most of its length is a muddy, broad, shallow, meandering stream with a swampy bottom and many islands - a notable example of a large "braided stream" (auravatn, aurafljót, Ensk-Íslensk orðabók með alfræðilegu ívafi). The sediment of the arid Great Plains is augmented by the presence of the nearby Sandhills region north of the river. See Wikipedia 'Braided stream' (Auravatn) under the paragraph 'Locations': http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braided_stream ).)
Nevada: Snæfjallafylki (The name Nevada is derived from the nearby Sierra Nevada mountains, which means "snow-capped mountain range" in Spanish. The exonym 'Snæfjöll' is mentioned in the 'Íslensk orðabók'.)
New Hampshire: Nýja-Hamtúnsskýri (Hampshire derives from Hampton, for which the Icelandic exonym 'Hamtún' exists.)
New Jersey: Nýja-Jersey
New Mexico: Nýja-Gylfaland (The term 'Gulf stream' refers to the 'Gulf of Mexico', where it starts. The Old Icelandic name is 'Gylfastraumur'. The first element 'Gylfa-' can only refer to the Mexican gulf, and not to other gulfs, like the Persian gulf. Thus the construction 'Gylfaland' is equivalent with 'Mexico'. See 'ritmálssafn orðabókar háskólans'.
If this is unaccepable there's another option: Nýja-Miðflóaland (From both a geographical and geological view-point, the Mexican Gulf could easily be rebaptised 'Miðflói'. Geographically, the Mexican gulf is situated in the middle between North and South America, which makes Miðflói an appropriate choice. In geological sense, the gulf can be regarded as the western equivalent of the Mediterranean sea. Both were part of the Ancient Thetys sea, which sepataed the the two Pangean landmasses Gondwana and Laurasia. These two choices make Miðflói an appropriate choice. Derivations: Nýmiðflængur (New mexican inhabitant), Nýmiðflæskur (Flói + -ingur = Flæingur, Flængur. an eccentric construction? No, the same contraction is seen in the masculine personal name Klængur, Klæingur, derived from 'kló' (claw) (Íslensk orðsifjabók). This contraction reduces the word-lenght, which is necessary in this case with three lexemes in our exonymical derivation.
New York: Nýja-Jórvík
North Carolina: Norðurkarlynjarfylki (the suffix '-yn' is the true Icelandic equivalent of the foreign suffix -ína. Instead of Karólína, I personally prefer the more genuine Icelandic suffix "-yn" as the equivalent of the foreign ending 'ina' in feminine personal names, as in 'Hlóðyn', 'Sigyn', 'Fjörgyn',...)
North Dakota: Norðdákytingarfylki (The most Icelandic solution is to construct an inhabitant's name ending in -ingur and to create a genitive plural compound with -ríki: Dá + kytingur, from the second element, declined like 'kot -kytingur. The word 'Dakota' is the Sioux word for 'friend' or 'ally', so translating it with a word ending in '-ingur' isn't unappropriate in this case. I was inspired by a list of an 'unknown icelander's blog: http://narrowshore.blogspot.com/2011/06/rikjamennirnir.html
Ohio: Óhægiá (Named after the River Ohio, which requires the word "á" (river) as the latter element. The only way to adapt the rest with complete Icelandic lexical building blocks is Óhægi) Oklahoma: ????
Oregon: Orkn (According to the English wikipedia article, the most plausible etymology is:
Another account, endorsed as the "most plausible explanation" in the book Oregon Geographic Names, was advanced by George R. Stewart in a 1944 article in American Speech. According to Stewart, the name came from an engraver's error in a French map published in the early 18th century, on which the Ouisiconsink (Wisconsin) River was spelled "Ouaricon-sint", broken on two lines with the -sint below, so there appeared to be a river flowing to the west named "Ouaricon".
The closest Icelandic match is the river-name "Orká" or "Orkn" (Íslensk Orðsifjabók, see under Orkadal(u)r)), which is of uncertain origin and unrelated to Orkn in Orkneyjar, which denotes a kind of seal.)
Pennsylvania: Pennskógarríki (the first element in the state's name is the surname Penn, the second element refers to the forestral nature of the state.)
Rhode Island: Rauðey (Means 'Red Island')
South Carolina: Suðurkarlynjarfylki (see North Carolina)
South Dakota: Suðurdákytingafylki (See North Dakota)
Tennessee: Tensá (Named after the river Tennessee, which is folk-etymologically adapted after the familiarly sounding Temsá (Thames)).
Texas: Einstjörnufylki (After the nick-name 'lone-star state'. When Texas was part of Mexico it was part of the state Coahuila y Tejas. The flag of this state had two stars on it, so when Texas gained it's independence in 1836 they retained the same flag design, minus one star. This represents Texas' split from Mexico and it also gave Texas the nickname "The Lone Star State.") Texan: Einstirnskur, Texan (inhabitant) Einstirningur
Utah: Saltfylki, Júta (State of the Great Salt Lake; Salt Lake City is the state's capital. It is named after the Indian tribe Ute (Jútar, hence Jútaríki))
Vermont: Grænfjallafylki (French word for 'Green mountains', Monts Verts)
Virginia: Meykóngsfylki (named after the "Virgin Queen" Elisabeth I (In Icelandic this specific term was translated as 'Meykóngur': "Elizabet mey-kóngr á Englandi." (Oddsland II, 319, 19th cent.)) or simply Meyjarfylki (The name "Virginia" refers to the British queen Elizabeth, perhaps noting her status as the "Virgin Queen". Derivations: Meyrískur, Meyrískur maður)
Washington: Vessingatún (Named After George Washington (Gyrgir Vessingatún). For the etymology of the toponymic surname Washington and the formation of the Icelandic equivalent see "Icelandic equivalents of the English place-names" at http://users.telenet.be/Hafronska/
Washington DC (District of Columbia): Vessingatúnshérað, Alríkishérað Vessingatún
West Virginia: Vestur-Meyjarfylki (see Virginia)
Wisconsin: Vískynsing (The etymology of this name is disputed and the only way to adapt this name is making use of 'folk-etymological' construction with Icelandic toponymic building blocks. The phoneticly closest Icelandic word-match for the first syllable "Wis-" is "Vís". The problem with the second element can be solved by creating an inhabitant's term comparable to Reyjavík - Reykvíkingur: Vískynsingur -Vískynsinga-. The name Kynsingur is the Icelandic equivalent of 'Kensing' in the English place-name Kensington, which means "Estate associated with Cynesige. Anglo-Saxon names ending in -sigi get -si in their Nordicized contracted forms: e.g. Lefsi (from Leófsige (Ljúfsigi) (see Lefsi: http://www.vikinganswerlady.com/ONMensNames.shtml The contracted Icelandic equivalent of Cynesige (Kynsigi) becomes 'Kynsi'. The name of the followers or family would be 'Kynsingar' (which corresponds with the modern Kensing-) and a possible first element in an Icelandic equivalent of the English Kensington: Kynsingatún
The resulting form Vískynsingar is almost identical to the form I found on this blog article: Viscynsingur http://narrowshore.blogspot.com/2011/06/rikjamennirnir.html
Wyoming: Hvæmingur (Hví (Why or Wy-) + óming becomes -æming, contracted to Hvæmingur)